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AI systems designed to understand regional languages both linguistically and culturally can help deliver services to rural populations.
Artificial intelligence is transforming industries across the world, and India stands at the threshold of playing a defining role in this global shift. With one of the largest pools of engineers and data scientists, the country has the scale and skill to become a leader in AI. Yet, as Rajat Khare, founder of Luxembourg-based Boundary Holding, points out, the challenge of brain drain remains one of India’s most significant obstacles.
India contributes nearly 15% of the world’s AI talent, but much of it is based overseas. Skilled professionals often leave for better research opportunities, higher salaries, and global exposure. This migration, Khare notes, prevents India from fully realizing its technological potential. Retaining this talent is key if India is to move from being a contributor to global projects to being the driver of its own AI revolution.
The government has already taken notable steps. India is developing its own large language model (LLM), supported by powerful infrastructure with more than 18,600 GPUs. Unlike many global AI efforts, India’s model is designed with a unique goal: multilingual intelligence. With 22 official languages and countless dialects, such a system could reflect the cultural and linguistic diversity of the country, making AI more inclusive and accessible.
Despite the progress, gaps remain. Funding for research is modest compared to global standards. Collaboration between universities and industry is limited. Salaries for AI researchers abroad are often far higher than those available at home.
Khare highlights that these issues need urgent attention. To retain talent, India must:
Perhaps India’s most distinctive opportunity lies in language. Developing AI that understands Hindi, Tamil, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, and other regional languages at both grammatical and cultural levels can create solutions uniquely tailored to India. Such systems could help rural communities, small businesses, and government services in ways that imported AI tools cannot.
This approach positions AI not just as a commercial product but also as a tool for development and empowerment.
India is no longer just supplying talent to the global technology sector it is building the foundations to become an AI leader in its own right. Rajat Khare emphasizes that the future will depend on how effectively the country retains and nurtures its brightest minds.
If India succeeds in creating an environment where innovation thrives locally, the story of brain drain could shift from a long-standing problem to a turning point in history.
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